Bumblefoot in Backyard Chickens

Some of you may not know that I do have a day job at an animal hospital, and I have the pleasure of working with a board certified avian veterinarian. I learn new things every day about avian health and I get to observe many treatments on chickens. One of the most common problems we see in backyard chicken flocks is bumblefoot (A.K.A. Plantar Pododermatitis). Bumblefoot is very treatable, but can become fatal if ignored.

What Causes Bumblefoot?

Bumblefoot occurs when staphylococcus bacteria is introduced to a chickens body through an opening or weakened area on the foot. This weaknesses can be a result of:

• Bruising from jumping off high perches (Most frequently occurs in large breeds or obese chickens)
• Splinters from rough perches
• Poor litter management (Dirty or wet bedding)
• Cuts from nails or other sharp objects in the coop/run

What are the Symptoms of Bumblefoot?

Bumblefoot does occur in stages and can start out as mild swelling and redness to your chickens foot with or without a visible scab. As the infection advances a pus filled abscess forms under the surface and any visible sore normally turns black or dark brown. Once the infection reaches this severity, your chicken will most likely be limping and laying down more often in order to avoid any pain from the infected foot. You may also notice they will not roost and will prefer to sleep on the ground.

What are the Treatments for Bumblefoot?

*If you suspect your chicken has bumblefoot please contact your avian vet to discuss the best treatment options for your bird*

Mild cases can sometimes be treated at home with diluted Betadine soaks (the diluted Betadine color should resemble weak tea) to soften and remove any scabs and drain mild abscesses. Triple antibiotic ointment can be used topically and the affected foot should be bandaged to prevent the introduction of more bacteria into the wound. Bandage changes should be performed every couple of days until the skin is completely healed.

Severe cases will require a surgical procedure with either a local Lidocaine block or general anesthesia and is best performed by a veterinary medicine professional. The pus ‘kernal’ and any necrotic tissue will be removed using a scalpal or biopsy punch. Any remaining pus will be drained and the area will be flushed thoroughly. In these severe cases many chickens will need to be put on oral antibiotics as well as topical antibiotics. A bandage is always necessary to prevent further infection.

Preventative Measures

• Regular foot inspections
• Feed your backyard flock a balanced diet to prevent obesity and vitamin deficiencies
• Inspect roosts for splinters and rough spots
• Perches/roosts should be placed no higher than 18 inches above the ground or landing platform
• Always provide clean and dry bedding
• Always inspect your coop, run, and free range area for nails, barbed wire, and other sharp objects